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Oxidative stress and cell death induction in cerebral cells of juvenile mice following perinatal exposure to eel matrix contaminated with the ?6 NDL-PCBs.

The 15th International Neurotoxicology Association Meeting, 28 juin - 03 juillet, Montreal, Canada

Ardzivian, A., Soualeh, N, Desor, F., Peiffer, J., Soulimani, R.

2015

The developing central nervous system is extremely susceptible to environmental toxicants, particularly non-dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (NDL-PCBs). In a previous study, we have found developmental, behavioral and cognitive deficits in the performance of mice lactationally exposed to the sum of the six indicator NDL-PCBs (?6 NDL-PCBs) pure molecules at low levels (1, 10 and 100 ng/kg/day) compared to controls. The exposed young and adult mice exhibited persistent anxious behavior that was detected at more advanced life stages with no significant changes in the REDOX level in neural or glial cells of juvenile mice at brain growth spurt [postnatal day (PND) 14]. In this study, we evaluated the neurotoxic potential of gestational and lactational exposure to  the ?6  NDL-PCBs  at  0,  85,  200  and  400  ng/kg/day  via  a  food  paste  containing  lyophilisate  eel. Therefore, we assessed oxidative status and cell viability in freshly isolated neurons, astrocytes, microglia, and oligodendrocytes of juvenile offspring mice at PND 14. Our results show significant changes in the reactive oxygen species levels in the cerebellar and cerebral astrocytes of male and female mice exposed to eel matrix compared to controls. A significant decrease in cell viability and an increase in apoptosis and necrosis was also observed in the cerebellar astrocytes and microglia of mice exposed to eel matrix following early life exposure. However, neurons and oligodendrocytes did not show any particular vulnerability to ?6  NDL-PCB-exposure. Our findings suggest that early, low chronic exposure to NDL-PCBs via fish matrix may have long-term effects, leading to damage in the adult brain.

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